Haemoglobin Formation.
Description: – It is the red, oxygen carrying pigment in the RBCs. It consist of the protein globin united with the pigment haem.
The Iron in the haem the ferrous form. Each ferrous combines loosely and reversibly with one molecules of oxygen.
There are 4 haem to the one molecules of haemoglobin, contains 4 iron atoms and can carry 4 molecules of oxygen.
Molecular weight of haemoglobin is 68,000.
SOME IMPORTANT DEFINITION:-
1. Oxyhaemoglobin:- Haemoglobin react with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin and is represented as HbO2.
2. Carbamino –Haemoglobin:- Carbon dioxide reacts with haemoglobin to form carbamino-haemoglobin.
3. Reduced Haemoglobin:- Haemoglobin from which oxygen has removed.
4. Carboxy Heamoglobin:- Carbon Monoxide reacts with Haemoglobin to form carboxy haemoglobin.
5. Methaemoglobin:- When either reduced or oxygenated haemoglobin is exposed to various drugs to various drugs or oxidizing agents ,the ferrous is oxidized to ferric form and the compound is called methaemoglobin.
NORMAL VALUES:
1. At birth 23gm/dl, because RBC count s more.
2. At the end of 3 month 10.5gm/dl
3. Adults:
Males :- 14-18gm/dl
FemaleS:- 12-15.5gm/dl
FUNCTIONS:-
1. Transport of oxygen from lungs to tissues.
2. Transport of CO2 from the tissues to the lungs.
3. It acts as an excellent acid base buffer,being a protein.
SYNTHESIS:-
Synthesis of haemoglobin requires the provision of nutrients e.g. proteins ,vitamins.
It only takes place in the developing RBCs.
FACTORS CONTROLLING HAEMOGLOBIN FORMATION:-
1. Role of proteins:- It helps in globin formation.
2. Role of minerals:- IRON – It helps in formation of haem. COPPER, COBALT AND CALCIUM – helps in the absorption ,mobilization and utilization of iron.
VARIETIES OF HAEMOGLOBIN:-
Adult haemoglobin
Foetal heamoglobin:- Its structure is same as of HBA, except that the beta chains are replaced by gamma
JISHU BAIJU
